The solution to indoor air pollution is relatively simple: either stop smoke getting into the home or remove it from the home. The healthiest option is to cook with a cleaner fuel. However, for the foreseeable future, many poor people will have little option but to cook on low-grade fuels. The best option for them is to safely remove the smoke from the kitchen. Experience shows that there is no ‘one size fits all’ technical fix. A lasting solution depends upon the active participation of those at risk, poor women.