At the end of 2004, ICIMOD celebrated its 21st Anniversary and the inauguration of its new building with a symposium on ‘Securing Sustainable Livelihoods in the Hindu Kush-Himalayas: Directions for Future Research, Development and Cooperation’. Keynote presentations, panel contributions, and discussions together provided reflections on the Centre’s achievements over the past two decades, , the contributions that ICIMOD has made towards the improvement of regional cooperation and knowledge sharing, a look at future challenges in the HKH region, and recommendations to guide future work. This book contains the proceedings of the symposium.