This article describes an integrated, interdisciplinary approach to assess, model, and resolve transboundary fresh water disputes. This ongoing multiyear study combines a longitudinal survey—an in-depth study of historical water disputes, their process for resolution (or lack of one). and a computerized database of water treaties —with a lateral assessment of similar transboundary environmental resource conflicts, such as oil, air resources, and fishing rights. Lessons from these surveys and from the theoretical and practical world of Alternative Dispute Resolution, inform cooperative and noncooperative game theoretical models of the process of water dispute resolution. These models will be tested against a series of simulated and actual workshops focusing on key watersheds involved in ongoing disputes. The final product from the surveys, models, and workshops should yield important lessons for the future resolution of transboundary fresh water disputes.