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To gain a nuanced understanding of the political economy of brick making, this study examines the brick sector at three levels: kiln, local and national level
. At the lowest level is the brick factory, which includes brick kiln workers, labour suppliers, brokers, and owners. The local level comprises brick kiln owners, transporters, the local government and other stakeholders, and the relations and power dynamics between them. At the national level, the study analyses relationships between government bodies (ministries and line agencies, revenue office), the national brick kiln association, financial institutions, non-governments actors, activists, and policy makers. The study has identified the following major actors at the three different levels
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Mountain communities of the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) have a rich tradition of beekeeping and honey hunting with indigenous honeybee Apis cerana
. Honey harvested from these bees is an important source of cash income for households in the mountain areas. The region is rich in floral resources and offers great potential for the production of high quality Apis cerana (Asiatic honeybee) honey. Honey collected from a variety of plant sources in the mountain/hill areas is in great demand, and good quality Apis cerana honey fetches a much higher price than Apis mellifera (European honeybee) honey. ICIMOD, in collaboration with its national partner organizations in the regional member countries including government and non-government organizations, has been working for the development of Apis cerana beekeeping to improve the livelihoods of mountain people. These interventions have helped people enhance their cash income in pilot areas. However, present constraints faced by beekeepers, and future scope for producing natural and pure honey for expanding markets within and outside HKH countries are yet to be understood. Hence, ICIMOD coordinated a series of studies to gain a better understanding of the entire structure of honey value chain, especially Apis cerana honey, in all potential Apis cerana beekeeping districts of Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) of Bangladesh, southern Bhutan, and the Kalash valley of Chitral district in Pakistan. Primary data was collected by interviewing households engaged in Apis cerana beekeeping and honey traders in each country using pre-tested structured questionnaires and focus group discussions. This was supplemented with secondary data gathered from different published and unpublished sources. This document presents the findings of the studies conducted on value chain analyses of Apis cerana honey in CHT, southern Bhutan, and the Kalash valley, Chitral
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Yi, S.; Rawat, G. S.; Wu, N.; Bubb, P.; Chettri, N.; Kotru, R.; Sharma, E.; Bhatta, L. D.; Bisht, N.; Aryal, K.; Gurung, J.; Joshi, S.; Adhikari, B. S.; Rawal, R. S.; Ghate, R.; Gurung, K.; Goodrich, C. G.; Chitale, V. S.; Shakya, B.; Ismail, M.; Chaudhary, R. P.; Yan, Z.; Wang, J.
This framework document has been prepared by the team at ICIMOD working on various aspects of ecosystem management in collaboration with the United Nations Environment – World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP–WCMC), with technical inputs from eminent ecologists, gender and governance specialists, sociologists and economists from the region
. The document provides basic background, principles and key terms for ecosystem management, major considerations in the context of the HKH and the process and practical steps required for the management of ecosystems
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Kotru, R.; Chaudhari, S.; Lemke, E.; Mueller, M.; Chettri, R.; Basnet, S.; Amatya, S.; Pandey, A.; Shrestha, A. J.; Pasakhala, B.; Yao, F.; Gurung, J.; Aryal, K.; Gurung, K; Bhatta, L. D.; Pradhan, N.; Bisht, N.; Joshi, S.; Dorji, T.; Rajbhandari, U.; Chitale, V.; Shaoliang, Y.
The report presents comprehensive updates on the progress made under Kailash Sacred Landscape Conservation and Development Initiative (KSLCDI) in 2016
. The report builds on the reports submitted by partner organisations of KSLCDI and achievements of the year 2016.
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The socio-economic status of women farmers is low because of inherent social hierarchy and economic deprivation
. The main objective of the study is to find out the socio-economic status of women farmers and to investigate this different research tools is applied mainly interview schedule. The study reveals that although women's agricultural labour force is high but there has not been any significant change in the status of women farmers. Women are still deprived and discriminated in terms of economic position. The Dalits are mainly suffering from this deprivation and discrimination. So, women farmers need a special attention for their livelihood and empowerment. There is an immense need of women empowerment programmes and cash earning packages to break this vicious circle of economic deprivation
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