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Throughout the Hindu Kush Himalayas, uncultivated plants provide a green social and cultural securityÅ to millions of people supporting their livelihood
. Review on evaluating the multifunctional role of uncultivated plants in perspective of livelihood support finds that plants add diversity to local food systems, reinforce local culture and contribute diversity to farming systems, and finally are important for household food and nutrition security, social security, income generation and health care. Further, this paper clarifies that local people maintain and conserve diversity for the sake of use. The wise conservation and use of uncultivated plants are essential elements for increasing food security, eliminating poverty, and maintaining the environment. However, the value and potential of uncultivated plants for food and nutrition security, household level health care, income generation opportunity are not yet realized. Fast changing climate and early projections on its impacts suggest that such programmes must increasingly consider the sustenance of ecosystem that promotes uncultivated plants as basis for the welfare of millions
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Beekeeping can play an important role in rural development activities, both directly by providing products for household consumption and income from sale of honey and other bee products, and indirectly as an important source of pollinators to improve productivity especially of horticultural crops
. This generously illustrated booklet describes some of the benefits of beekeeping, especially for the rural poor and marginalised groups in the extended Himalayan region. It also discusses beekeeping's contribution to resource and biodiversity conservation, and looks briefly at the challenges involved in marketing and the need to follow a market chain approach to ensure that beekeepers benefit fully from their products. Beekeeping can contribute effectively to the empowerment of disadvantaged people and communities, and makes a multifaceted contribution to rural livelihoods. The booklet closes with recommended approaches to be incorporated in future rural development strategies
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