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Shifting cultivation has traditionally been viewed as a rudimentary agricultural practice with little economic viability and a major cause of deforestation and environmental degradation
. Consequently, governments and international agencies across continents have – without success – over decades attempted to promote cash crops and replace shifting cultivation with settled agriculture
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With around three billion people across the world cooking and heating their homes using open fires or traditional stoves, indoor air pollution remains a significant health threat
. The use of solid fuels, including biomass fuels (wood, dung, and agricultural residues) and coal, to meet energy needs generates a substantial amount of pollutants. In developing and rural areas, women and young children are disproportionately affected by biomass smoke as women are generally tasked with cooking and children often spend time with their mothers. Despite the importance of understanding and addressing indoor air pollution, several gaps in knowledge still exist. Few studies have conducted quantitative research on the emission levels of indoor air pollution and its impacts on women’s cardiovascular health, while simultaneously studying socioeconomic factors and fuel consumption patterns that contribute to this health hazard
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Cooperation between countries is critical for protecting the rich biodiversity of the Far-Eastern Himalaya and sustainably developing this remote region
. The three countries sharing the landscape – China, India, and Myanmar –have recognized this and are collaborating under the Landscape Initiative for the Far-Eastern Himalaya (HI-LIFE). This poster highlights activities currently being undertaken by partners under this initaitive. These activities are creating a foundation for sustainable development and cross-border collaboration that will protect the environment and improve the lives of people in this unique landscape
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The newly formed transboundary Bam-e-Dunya Network connects protected areas in four countries along the Silk Route
. It represents the shared identity of people living in the Hindu Kush Karakoram Pamir Landscape (HKPL), which is strategically located between Afghanistan, China, Pakistan, and Tajikistan. The network lays the foundation for collaboration that will help ensure mountain communities and fragile ecosystems in this remote mountain landscape can adapt and thrive in the face of rapid cultural, economic, and environmental change
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In the Koshi River basin, extreme weather events upstream lead to disasters downstream, affecting millions of people, destroying infrastructure, and disrupting development
. These upstream-downstream linkages and shared disaster risk can form the basis for cooperation and provide opportunities for disaster risk reduction (DRR) and resilient livelihoods in the basin. Effective cooperation can be achieved by sharing knowledge and fostering practices that address the transboundary nature and scale of disaster. The Koshi DRR Knowledge Hub is a platform that aims to foster regional cooperation by encouraging the sharing of knowledge and information on transboundary issues related to water. These issues range from water-induced disasters to research and policy on water and the potential shared benefits of such work. Through the hub, stakeholders can collaborate at the interface of research, policy, and practice. Such informed decision making will help improve the overall management of the Koshi basin
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Springs—also called dhara, mool, kuwa, naula, and chasma, are the most important source of water for millions of people in the midhills of the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH)
. Spring water is used for drinking, irrigation, domestic, and religious purposes. Springs also perform important ecological functions, like supporting local vegetation and wildlife, and maintaining baseflow in rivers
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Springs are the main source of water for millions of people in the midhills of the Hindu Kush Himalaya
. There is increasing anecdotal evidence from across the region that springs are drying up, leading to acute water stress. The Spring Revival Protocol was implemented by International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) in collaboration with the Advanced Centre for Water Resource Development (ACWADAM) and Helvetas to understand spring systems and their management. The protocol involves the identification of drying springs and implementation of sustainable measures to recharge springs. The study was funded by the CGIAR Research Programme on Water, Land, and Ecosystems (WLE)
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