This paper sets out to explore some of the practical aspects of the implementation of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM). The presentation has the following flow: 1. The relevance of IWRM for a number of key development issues, 2. The key characteristics of the concept, 3. The global status of IWRM, 4. Practical implementation - the challenges, 5. Practical implementation - case studies showing successful applications to problematic management scenarios, 6. How IWRM programmes are being linked with the Millennium