Annotation:::: The paper focuses on eco-migration and the transfer of traditional production and lifestyles of ethnic minorities. It considers ways to combat poverty and implement mountain migration related to ecological protection. Using the method of documental study to review and analyse the implementation of eco-migration in the past decade in the ethnic minority area of mountainous Guizhou, the paper finds that the poverty problem in rural Guizhou is prominent and intertwined with concerns about the eco-environment and development of ethnic areas. Promoting eco-migration is both an important way to eliminate poverty and for protecting and restoring the eco-environment. The authors state that concerned local government departments must strengthen organization and leadership, increase capital investment, choose effective modes of resettlement, promote stable employment for migrants, and enhance relevant supporting policies.This paper is the National Social Sciences fund project entitled “The Study of Eco-migration and Transfer of Traditional Production and Lifestyles of Ethnic Minorities: Based on an Investigation of the Eco-migration of Native Ethnic Minorities in Guizhou” and numbered 09XMZ043.