Annotation:::: The paper focuses on the management of Vietnamese mountain migrants in the Yunnan border area, and discusses several challenges related to these migrants in a vulnerable security environment. Most of the Sino-Vietnamese border consists of mountainous areas inhabited by different ethnic minorities. Since the normalization ties between China and Vietnam and the development of border trade between the two countries, the presence of Vietnamese migrants along the Yunnan section of Sino-Vietnamese border has come to the fore. The author engaged in field investigation at the border and collected a large amount of data in order to analyse the immigration method, distribution situation and employment status of Vietnamese immigrants in Yunnan since the end of the Cold War.Using methods of site investigation and documental study, and taking a non-traditional security perspective, the paper finds that the vulnerable security environment at the Yunnan border faces several challenges related to Vietnamese migrants, such as transnational crimes, AIDS, and population expansion, to name a few. The concerned local governments in Yunnan border area have failed to take enough effective managerial measures to deal with Vietnamese mountain migrant issues and to control non-traditional security problems.
