Annotation:::: The paper focuses on the unplanned relocation of impoverished minorities, specifically the Miao ethnig group. Using methods of sociological study and political analysis, the paper analyses ways of constructing the new countryside in one district of Kaiyuan, Yunnan where the spontaneous migrants of the Miao ethnic group live in compact communities. Through an investigation in Kaiyuan, the author finds that such spontaneous minority mountain migrants do not have any financial support and subsidies from the local government, and are not listed in the government’s poverty-alleviation programme. These migrants are also likely to arouse fierce disputes with local residents in relation to livelihood and self-development. Additionally, the traditional culture of the ethnic minorities has played an active role in the process of spontaneous immigration. Therefore, the author recommends that government sectors in Kaiyuan should implement some effective policies to ensure respect and tolerance, and to deal with the problems related to residency of the Miao spontaneous migrants. Helping them establish various kinds of organizations can contribute to the construction of a new countryside within the territory of Kaiyuan city.
