Annotation :::: The book focuses on economic aspects of project-related mountain migration, and analyses theories and practices related to relocation of local residents in a mountain area. Using methods of documental and empirical study, the authors find that the resettlement plan should be made and implemented according to the principles of the market-oriented economy in order to bring local residents out of poverty and achieve sustainable development in the locality. Also, local governments must take ecological protection into consideration while planning to construct a project. Additionally, discussion and summary of the theory related to migration causes, characteristics, and mode may help in conducting subsequent research.