The loss of species and habitats is one of the major threats for biodiversity. Current drivers are anthropogenic factors such as the intensification of agriculture, urbanization, and infrastructure development. However, climate change adds to the mix and reinforces the negative effects on biodiversity. It alters abiotic habitat conditions, such as water balance, shifts phenology and the distribution of species, affects habitat structures and changes ecosystem functions and services (Bellard et al. 2012). To address these changes, we need improved institutional cooperation, expanded spatial and temporal observation, better models to project the effect of climate change scenarios, and greater effort to address multiple threats and global change drivers simultaneously within conservation management on different planning scales (Heller and Zavaleta 2009).
