The focus is on the following areas: Biological and physical characteristics of agroecosystems including land, air, and water quality. Ecology, diversity and sustainability of agricultural systems. Relationships between agroecosystems and the natural environment. Agroecosystem and global environmental changes including climate change and air pollution. Ecological consequences of intensification, soil degradation, waste application, irrigation, and mitigation options. Environmental implications of agricultural land use and land use change.
