The current status of protected areas in the temperate grasslands biome is assessed and constraints to improving protection levels discussed. Strategic priorities are proposed for the development of a protected temperate grassland areas network across the biome, with a view to biodiversity conservation. It is recommended that the forthcoming IUCN Action Plan on grasslands should identify historical events and types of impact that have altered the incentive to conserve grasslands. It is also recommended that the socio-cultural factors influencing the use and management of grasslands should be identified. Awareness building is recommended to alter perceptions held by grasslands users and policy makers.