Livestock are an important component of the local economy in the Northern Areas of Pakistan. In 1998, a research project funded by the European Commission under the INCO-DC programme and involving seven organisations carried out a study to examine the constraints to livestock production and the influence of new infrastructure like the Karakoram Highway on livestock management with a view to suggesting ways of improving livestock-dependent livelihoods while sustaining the fragile mountain ecosystem. The book Livestock, Fodder, Pastures and People: An Integrated Study in the Northern Areas of Pakistan represents the outcome of the project. It describes the project's research process, summarises the findings by identifying some of the key biological and socioeconomic constraints to improving livestock productivity in the area, and suggests ways in which some of those constraints may be overcome. Although the project was undertaken in Northern Pakistan, some of the principles the research identified and its findings are widely applicable and relevant to similar mountain agricultural settings. It is hoped that the book will contribute to improving the livelihoods of mountain people in general and those in the Karakoram Mountains in particular.