Accompanying this reassessment, black carbon has also been identified as a driver of important regional climate impacts. Several studies have identified Asia as the singlelargest source of global black carbon emissions from contained combustion (such as combustion in engines, stoves, and kilns), accounting for more than half of all such emissions. Asia is also a major contributor to global black carbon emissions from open combustion (forest fires, land clearing through fire, and burning of agricultural wastes). However, such combustion also produces emissions of climate-cooling aerosols and by most studies is estimated to have an overall climate neutral or cooling effect
