The rapid emergence and spread of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza begs effective and accurate mapping of current knowledge and future risk of infection. Methods for such mapping, however, are rudimentary, and few good examples exist for use as templates for risk-mapping efforts. The authors review the transmission cycle of avian influenza viruses, and identify points on which risk-mapping can focus. They provide examples from the literature and from the authors' work that illustrate mapping risk based on:
- avian influenza case occurrences,
- poultry distributions and movements, and
- migratory bird movements.
