The purpose of this study was to compare the use of the forest plant resources and folk nomenclature in the two communities of the Madi valley, a Chitwan District. The information was collected during 2001 from 83 households in Chirauli and 57 households in Dhikurbari using semi-structured questionnaires. The folk nomenclature and the relative importance of the plant species for medicine, firewood, fodder and timber differ in the two communities and were recorded. A total of 128 species were reported in use by both communities, out of which 64 were common to both. The plant species used only in Chirauli accounted for 44 and that in Dhikurbari are 20. The Tharu community of Chirauli reported a higher number of plant species used for medicinal, fodder and forage, fuel wood and timber than that of migrated people of Dhikurbari.
