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LATEST PUBLICATIONS
Summary of the Hindu Kush Himalaya Assessment Report
Year:
2019
This First HKH Assessment Report consists of 16 chapters, which comprehensively assess the current state of knowledge of the HKH region, increase the understanding of various drivers of change and their impacts, address critical data gaps and develop a set of evidence-based and actionable policy solutions and recommendations
. These are linked to nine mountain priorities for the mountains and people of the HKH consistent with the Sustainable Development Goals
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Chapter 1 Brief - Introduction to the Hindu Kush Himalaya Assessment
Year:
2019
Chapter ABSTRACT: Mountains are large landforms raised above the surface of the earth emerging into peaks and ranges
. Mountains occupy 22% of the world’s land surface area and are home to about 13% of the world’s population (FAO 2015). While about 915 million people live in mountainous region, less than 150 million people live above 2,500 m above sea level (masl), and only 20–30 million people live above 3,000 masl
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Chapter 2 Brief - Drivers of Change to Mountain Sustainability in the Hindu Kush Himalaya
Year:
2019
Chapter ABSTRACT: Many challenges for sustainability are related to weak governance, natural resource overexploitation, environmental degradation, certain aspects of unregulated or rapid urbanization, and loss of traditional culture
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Chapter 3 Brief - Unravelling Climate Change in the Hindu Kush Himalaya: Rapid Warming in the Mountains and Increasing Extremes
Year:
2019
Chapter ABSTRACT: Historically, the climate of the HKH has experienced significant changes that are closely related to the rise and fall of regional cultures and civilizations
. Studies show well-established evidence that climate drivers of tropical and extra-tropical origin—such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), and the Arctic Oscillation—influence the region’s weather and climate on multiple spatio-temporal scales
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Chapter 4 Brief - Exploring Futures of the Hindu Kush Himalaya: Scenarios and Pathways
Year:
2019
Chapter ABSTRACT: To illuminate future uncertainties and inform strategic plans, this chapter presents three qualitative scenarios for the status of the HKH through 2080
. The scenarios (Box 4.1) emerged from a participatory visioning exercise for scenario development (also see Sect. 4.1.2) conducted by the chapter team and HIMAP secretariat between January and September 2016. Over six successive workshops, decision makers and scientists representing HKH countries determined what would constitute a “prosperous” HKH scenario for 2080—along with its less desirable alternatives, business as usual and downhill (Fig. 4.1)
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Chapter 5 Brief - Sustaining Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in the Hindu Kush Himalaya
Year:
2019
Chapter ABSTRACT: Mountains make up 24% of the world’s land area, are home to 20% of the world’s population, provide 60–80% of the world’s fresh water, and harbour 50% of the world’s biodiversity hotspots (well-established)
. The United Nations recognized the importance of mountain ecosystems, both for conserving biological diversity and for sustaining humanity, in Chap. 13of Agenda 21. More generally, ecosystem diversity, species diversity, genetic diversity, and functional diversity all play key roles in the ecosystem services that benefit people and communities (well-established)
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Chapter 6 Brief - Meeting Future Energy Needs in the Hindu Kush Himalaya
Year:
2019
Chapter ABSTRACT: As mentioned in earlier chapters, the HKH regions form the entirety of some countries, a major part of other countries, and a small percentage of yet others
. Because of this, when we speak about meeting the energy needs of the HKH region we need to be clear that we are not necessarily talking about the countries that host the HKH, but the clearly delineated mountainous regions that form the HKH within these countries. It then immediately becomes clear that energy provisioning has to be done in a mountain context characterized by low densities of population, low incomes, dispersed populations, grossly underdeveloped markets, low capabilities, and poor economies of scale. In other words, the energy policies and strategies for the HKH region have to be specific to these mountain contexts
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Chapter 7 Brief - Status and Change of the Cryosphere in the Extended Hindu Kush Himalaya Region
Year:
2019
Chapter ABSTRACT: The cryosphere is defined by the presence of frozen water in its many forms: glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets, snow, permafrost, and river and lake ice
. In the extended Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) region, including the Pamirs, Tien Shan and Alatua, the cryosphere is a key freshwater resource, playing a vital and significant role in local and regional hydrology and ecology. Industry, agriculture, and hydroelectric power generation rely on timely and sufficient delivery of water in major river systems; changes in the cryospheric system may thus pose challenges for disaster risk reduction in the extended HKH region
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Chapter 8 Brief - Water in the Hindu Kush Himalaya
Year:
2019
Chapter ABSTRACT: Commonly described as the “water tower for Asia,” the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) plays an important role in ensuring water, food, energy, and environmental security for much of the continent
. The HKH is the source of ten major rivers that provide water—while also supporting food and energy production and a range of other ecosystem services—for two billion people across Asia. This chapter takes stock of current scientific knowledge on the availability of water resources in the HKH; the varied components of its water supply; the impact of climate change on future water availability; the components of water demand; and the policy, institutions, and governance challenges for water security in the region
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Chapter 9 Brief - Food and Nutrition Security in the Hindu Kush Himalaya: Unique Challenges and Niche Opportunities
Year:
2019
Chapter ABSTRACT: The mountain people of the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) face large challenges in food and nutrition security
. Although progress has been made in calorie intake, malnutrition remains a serious challenge (well-established). About 50% of the population suffers from malnutrition, and women and children suffer more. Ending hunger and achieving food and nutrition security—as articulated in the Sustainable Development Goals—is an urgent need for the governments of the region
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